![\"\"](\"http:\/\/serbiantimes.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-42.png\")
<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\nMost historians will probably agree that the \u201cturning point\u201d in its development was crucial after liberation from Turkish occupation in 1878. Likewise, a good number agree that Ni\u0161 underwent its transformation and rapprochement with European cities at that time during the rule of the Obrenovi\u0107 dynasty, primarily under Prince and later King Milan Obrenovi\u0107. In Ni\u0161, King Milan saw capacity and a visionary idea of a modern city in southern Serbia. Its geostrategic position, above all, motivated him to see it as a second Serbian capital, which Ni\u0161 would indeed become in various periods in the future, not only under the Obrenovi\u0107 throne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rapid development became visible almost immediately after liberation. As early as 1878, machinery produced by about fifty tanneries and leather-processing workshops was exported from Ni\u0161 to Pest. King Milan invested in Ni\u0161\u2019s economy in 1880 by building a brandy factory, which was also intended for export. Particular progress was achieved with the construction of the railway line that connected it with Belgrade and from Ni\u0161 continued toward Vranje. This undertaking of King Milan\u2019s government was by no means simple. The construction of the railway was to be financed through the so-called railway loan, whose financier was to be the French General Union, with which a contract was signed in 1881. The problem met with condemnation because the selection of the General Union was carried out without a process that we today know as a tender.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A sharp debate took place in the National Assembly, which at that time held its sessions precisely in Ni\u0161. The objections proved justified, as the \u201cGeneral Union\u201d from France soon went bankrupt. The problem was resolved by concluding a new contract in 1882 with the French bank Comptoir National d\u2019Escompte, and work on railway construction continued. The development of Ni\u0161 followed an upward trajectory; in 1881 it also received its first banking institution \u2013 the \u201cState District Savings Bank,\u201d followed by the development of the first printing house. Ni\u0161 also became the seat of various diplomatic representations \u2013 France, England, Italy, Turkey, and Austria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The first train arrived in Ni\u0161 in 1884, opening new perspectives and the emergence of new economic and financial factors. A railway hub was formed in Ni\u0161, modeled on major urban centers; it became an important travel and transport point from east to west and from north to south. The French financier Comptoir National d\u2019Escompte received a concession to exploit the railway for twenty-five years, which, along with other state concessions, was not particularly favorable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
However, with the construction of this transport route, Ni\u0161 drew closer to the Western world, its economy, and financial flows. The construction of production capacities gained unstoppable momentum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Austrian Jovan Apel, who as early as 1864 had a manual brewery in Aleksinac, bought about six hectares of land from the Turks in Ni\u0161 (the part of the city today known as Apelovac, author\u2019s note), built a modern steam brewery, and in 1884 transferred all equipment there. His beer production on a daily level rose to an incredible twenty hectoliters. That same year, 1884, the first domestic financial institution was founded in the city with an initial capital of 250,000 dinars \u2013 the Ni\u0161 Joint-Stock Savings Bank. Monetary circulation, loans, and the handling of monetary deposits would approach those established in Western Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Ni\u0161 Joint-Stock Savings Bank would later, in 1902, build for its own needs one of the most beautiful and recognizable buildings testifying to the rise of Ni\u0161, on General Milojko Le\u0161janin Street, which today houses the \u201cSymphony Orchestra\u201d ensemble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Many production and economic facilities were also built, providing employment for the population of the city and its surroundings. One of the oldest was certainly the \u201cRailway Workshop,\u201d which served for the repair of locomotives and passenger and freight wagons, founded in 1885. Initially, about 100 workers were employed there, headed by a French manager named Felix, while most of the craftsmen were also of French origin. Later, the number of workers increased, and many residents of Ni\u0161 found employment there. The Railway Workshop would become the embryo of what Ni\u0161 would later be recognized for \u2013 the Mechanical Industry of Ni\u0161.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Roads in the vicinity of the city were not neglected either, so in 1885 the Ni\u0161\u2013Gornja Toponica and Ni\u0161\u2013Gramada roads were built. In 1886, a brick factory with a modern kiln called the \u201cJovanovi\u0107, \u017divkovi\u0107 and Popovi\u0107 Brickworks\u201d was built in the area near the Jewish cemetery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the following years, 1887 and 1888, railway lines toward Bela Palanka and Ristovac were built, expanding Ni\u0161\u2019s transport capacity. At the same time, guild craftsmanship production in Ni\u0161 grew, as did agricultural production from surrounding villages, on which the city\u2019s economy relied heavily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Tutunovi\u0107 Cellar (whose remains are shamefully deteriorating and testify to neglect of heritage, author\u2019s note), which besides this one in Ni\u0161 also had a branch in Thessaloniki, poured mash in 1890 amounting to 150,000 oka (one oka equals 1.28 kg). Businesspeople and trade agents from France, Austria-Hungary, and Germany came to the city, interested in wine from this region. Wine produced in Ni\u0161 contained 22 to 30 percent must and was highly sought after abroad. The appearance of phylloxera in 1889 somewhat reduced production capacities, but in 1889 a winegrowers\u2019 assembly was held in Ni\u0161, which brought guidelines for preventing further destruction of vineyards and their renewal. The consequences of phylloxera were less severe than in some other European countries. For example, the price of Si\u0107evo wine reached as much as 30 dinars for 100 oka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In 1890, with the growth of the economy, the population increased to 19,877, of whom 12,348 were born there. There were fewer and fewer Turks who remained after liberation, but the influx of Greeks and Cincars increased. From the census of foreigners in 1879, when there were 2,100 of them, the number in the city rose to over 2,950. Investment of foreign capital, not counting loans and concessions, proceeded at a somewhat slower pace. Insecurity reflected in the interests of foreign powers in this area of the Balkans and constant geostrategic frictions diverted attempts to accumulate foreign capital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n King Milan Obrenovi\u0107 often stayed in Ni\u0161, undoubtedly considering it his \u201csecond home.\u201d He frequently went hunting in the surrounding area, received foreign delegations, and conducted various state affairs. The residence by the Ni\u0161ava River was a second court, and alongside strengthening the city\u2019s economic, military, and other power, he worked on shaping it. Turkish alleyways were straightened, squares were built, the area along the river was arranged, and parks sprang up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The city was connected by roads to its surroundings and represented a kind of administrative, cultural, and economic center of the region. Has Ni\u0161 forgotten Milan Obrenovi\u0107, the visionary king and liberator in the true sense of the word? Unfortunately, it has. Why this is so is for us ourselves to reflect upon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cTHE IMMIGRATION LAW IS NOT FAIR!\u201d: The Testimony of the Attorney Who Freed a Serb from Prison in the U.S. and Secured Him Asylum! (VIDEO)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n WON GOLD, THEN SPOKE ABOUT NOLE: American skater revealed how he felt when he saw Djokovic in the audience! (VIDEO)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n POLICE CLOSED PART OF VRA\u010cAR: A bomb was found in front of a catering facility in the center of Belgrade!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n DRAMA IN MONTENEGRO: A car full of people plunged into the icy Mora\u010da, divers and drones are searching for survivors! (VIDEO)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n NOLE JUMPED AND GRABBED HIS HEAD: American skater delighted Djokovic with an incredible flip at the WOG! (VIDEO)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\nMORE TOPICS:<\/mark><\/h4>\n\n\n\n